Современная электроника №6/2026

ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ 64 WWW.CTA.RU СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА • № 6 / 2026 Таким образом, к началу 1960-х годов сложилась полная теоретиче- ская и экспериментальная картина существования объёмных и поверх- ностных плазмонов, подтверждён- ная работами ключевых авторов того периода. На следующем этапе исследований органически возник вопрос, нельзя ли попытаться возбуждать такие коллек- тивные моды с помощью света? Этот вопрос мы рассмотрим в следующей статье. Литература 1. Ruthemann G. Naturwissenschaften. Diskrete Energieverluste schneller Elektronen in Festkörpern. Kurze Originalmitteilungen.Volume 29, page 648, (1941). URL: https:// link.springer.com/article/10.1007/ BF01485870. 2. Pines D., Bohm D. A Collective Description of Electron Interactions: II. Collective vs Individual Particle Aspects of the Interactions. Physical Review. 1952. iss. 85. 338. URL: https://journals.aps.org/pr/ abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.85.338. 3. Bohm D. Quantum Theory. URL: https://www.amazon.com/ Quantum-Theory-Dover-Books- Physics/dp/0486659690. 4. Bohm D., Pines D. A Collective Description of-Electron Interactions: III. Coulomb Interactions in a Degenerate Electron Gas. Physical Review, v 92, n 3, 1953. URL: http:// users.df.uba.ar/bragas/Web%20 roberto/Papers/pines.pdf. 5. Graham E. A Scholar Finally Gets His Due: David Bohm. Princeton Alumni weekly. URL: https://paw. princeton.edu/article/scholar- finally-gets-his-due-david-bohm. 6. Bohmian Mechanics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Archive. URL: https://plato.stanford.edu/ archives/fall2016/entries/qm-bohm/. 7. Pines D. Collective Energy Losses in Solids. Reviews of Modern Physics, 1956, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 184–198. URL: https://ethz.ch/content/dam/ ethz/special-interest/mavt/process- engineering/omel-dam/documents/ handouts/pines.pdf. 8. Watanabe H. Experimental Evidence for the Collective Nature of the Characteristic Energy Loss of Electrons in Solids. Studies on the Dispersion Relation of Plasma Frequency. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 1956, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 112–119, DOI: 10.1143/JPSJ.11.112. URL: https:// journals.jps.jp/doi/abs/10.1143/ JPSJ.11.112?mobileUi=0. 9. Möllenstedt G., Bayh W. Characteristics of the Möllenstedt Electron Velocity Analyzer. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 1737 (1966). URL: https:// pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article- pdf/37/4/1737/18337155/1737_1_ online.pdf. 10. Ritchie R. Plasma Losses by Fast Electrons in Thin Films. Phys. Rev. 106, 874, 1957. URL: https:// ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special- interest/mavt/process-engineering/ omel-dam/documents/handouts/ rh-ritchie.pdf. 11. Powell C.J., Swan J.B. Origin of the Characteristic Electron Energy Losses in Aluminum. Physical Review, 1959, Vol. 115, No. 4, pp. 869–875. URL: https://ethz.ch/ content/dam/ethz/special-interest/ mavt/process-engineering/omel-dam/ documents/handouts/cj-powell.pdf. 12. Powell C.J., Swan J.B. Origin of the Characteristic Electron Energy Losses in Magnesium. Physical Review, 1959, Vol. 116, No. 1, pp. 81–83. URL: https://link.aps.org/ doi/10.1103/PhysRev.116.81. 13. Powell C.J. Effect of Oxidation on the Characteristic Loss Spectra of Aluminum and Magnesium. Physical Review, 1960, Vol. 118, No. 3, pp. 640–643. URL: https:// electronicsandbooks.com/edt/ manual/Magazine/P/Physical%20 Review/Physical%20Review%20 1960-1962/root/data/PhysRev%20 1960-1962/pdf/PR/v118/i3/PR_v118_ p640_1.pdf. 14. Bugnet M. et al. Current opinion on the prospect of mapping electronic orbitals in the transmission electron microscope: State of the art, challenges and perspectives. Journal of Microscopy, 295, 217–235. URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ doi/10.1111/jmi.13321. 15. Stern E.A., Ferrell R.A. Surface Plasma Oscillations of a Degenerate Electron Gas. Physical Review, 1960, Vol. 120, No. 1, pp. 130–136. URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/ PhysRev.120.130. 16. K. Lance Kelly, Eduardo Coronado, Lin Zhao, George C. Schatz. The Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles: The Influence of Size, Shape, and Dielectric Environment // The Jo urnal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol 107, Issue 3. 668–677. URL: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ jp026731y. 17. Kathryn M. Mayer, Jason H. Hafner. Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors // Chemical Reviews, 2011, 111, 6, 3828–3857. URL: https://doi.org/10.1021/ cr100313v. 18. Maier S.A., Atwater H.A. Plasmonics: Localization and guiding of electromagnetic energy in metal/dielectric structures // Journal of Applied Physics, 2005, Vol. 98, 011101. URL: https://doi. org/10.1063/1.1951057. 19. Xiaofeng Fan et al. Light scattering and surface plasmons on small spherical particles // Light: Science & Applications (2014) 3, e. 179. URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/ lsa201460. Рис. 6. Смещение зарядового облака электронов проводимости относительно ядер в локализованном поверхностном плазмоне Электрическое поле Облако электронов Металлическая сфера